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Thursday, July 28, 2022

Here I Go Again - Purity 795


Here I Go Again - Purity 795 

Purity 07/28/2022  Purity 795 Podcast

Good morning,

Today’s photo of a blazing “sun man” in the clear blue skies over a cracked asphalt road glimmering in its light and comes to us from yours truly as I captured another view of the “road of the cross” while out walking with my canine friend, Harley, on Waite Road in Easton NY last Friday afternoon. 

Well, it’s Thursday again, and as is my habit, I share another photo of a pathway of sorts to encourage my friends to be faithful to keep walking and talking with God on the path of Christian Discipleship.  The photos I share usually tend to highlight the beauty of the setting of the pathway, and I guess today’s does so too – that is a pretty cool optical illusion of a stick figure man with the sun for a belly in a clear blue sky and that cross like utility pole on the roadside is pretty epic, but I particularly like the way this photo displays the reflected light of the sun on the road’s surface as well as the many cracks and imperfections in the “blacktop” because it can serve as an analogy for the fact that we will never be perfect in our attempts to follow the Lord and we may end up second guessing the things we have said or done as we try to be faithful to follow the Lord and encourage others to do so too but end up offending others or having relationships end because of our faith pursuit to share the gospel of Jesus Christ.  

That cracked up asphalt roadway isn’t the only thing that has been broken on this path of Christian Discipleship! In my journey to leave the darkness of my sinful past behind and follow the Lord’s way for living, I have suffered the loss of many relationships with both friends, family, and some brothers and sisters in the body of Christ.   Now don’t get me wrong, I am painting with a broad brush this morning as I think about those “left behind” and am including people who I consider to still be in good standing with relationally but who I have been separated from because of the trajectory of my walk.

While I have been rejected, unfriended, and blocked by some because of my faith and don’t have any illusions about our relationship status, there are others, brothers and sisters in Christ, that I don’t have any dealings with any more because our lives have led us to go separate ways. With distance, some of those relationships were exposed for just how transitory, conditional, or shallow, they were.

In considering the many relationships that didn’t necessarily end but just kind of faded away because of the course of my life’s journey, I am saddened over the fact that some people are no longer in my life on a regular basis, but I have to admit, that in considering some more of the prickly pears or difficult people in my past, I am not so disappointed by their absence in my life, in fact at times I’m sort of glad that my course of life has led me away from certain people and their drama, including myself!

Let’s face it, as we mature in life, we are not the people we used to be and often the people we love the most have the most difficulty letting go of the person we once were and constantly remind us, subtly or not so subtly, of our humble beginnings. Some, perhaps out of their fear of losing control or from their own lack of progress, go to great lengths to “put us in our place”.  Can you see, why I might be glad to have “moved on” to better things?  

But honestly, when I think of these transitional losses, I got “nothing but love” for them, because I do love them and if things had remained the same I would still be in relationship with them on a regular basis and would nurse any injuries to my pride, when necessary because these people are still my friends, family, or brothers and sisters in Christ and I know that even if things weren’t always perfect there were undeniable bonds of love and faith that would and will  always keep us together. 

Just remember, as we walk with or away from difficult people in this life, if they are In Christ, we will never be separated from them as we will all be joined together in eternity with the Lord. Of course, when that happens all our rough edges will be “glorified” away, and they and ourselves will be much easier to deal with!  

No, in presenting the “broken and cracked asphalt road of discipleship”, I was not thinking of the difficult relationships that have faded away in frequency but remain through the faith ties that bind us all to the Lord.  

I was thinking of the relationships that have taken a bad turn as the result of the specifics of the Christian faith and the implications that come from believing in Christ alone.  

As you walk on this road following Christ, you can get used to rejection. In this post Christian society, the enemy has done a fantastic job of vilifying the Christian faith and while our society speaks of diversity, coexistence, and tolerance those terms seem to all fall short on the equal acceptance of Biblical Christianity.

Our society is a morass of relativism and individual subjectivity that denies any standard of absolute truth or morality and has been infected by the questioning and rebellious spirit of Satan himself who has developed an atmosphere that not only “questions authority” but has led to relative confusion on a mass scale to the point that even the realities of science are denied in the changing winds of our times that demand that we  respect of an “individual’s truth” over objective reality.  

In this atmosphere, things that have been classified as sin by the word of God are social acceptable, individuals have the chose to assign their own gender, and can craft and create their own god based on their preferences and because of all these things Christianity will increasingly be rejected, feared, and hated.  

The Bible is the word of God and by it we will all be judged and people don’t like that!

Beyond, the moral law, perhaps one of the most offensive things that the Bible presents is the exclusivity of Christ to save man from judgement and hell.

The Apostle Peter, speaking about Jesus, said in:

Acts 4:12 (NKJV)
12  Nor is there salvation in any other, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved."

In a society, that seeks to honor and validate everyone’s life and spiritual choices, this “doctrine” simply can not stand and increasingly Christians are being labeled as hateful extremists and despite the glaring facts that our society is becoming increasingly immoral there is a concerted effort to stir the fears of secular society to dread the possibility of a “theocracy”, a dystopian Christian state.  

I enjoy a good science fiction story as much as the next person but the signs of the times and the word of God both agree that Christianity will not overwhelm society and change the world through governmental or societal means.  

This road is a narrow road and Christ told His disciples that they would be hated because the world hated Him.  

So I’m not surprised when people in essence say : “Oh you’re a Christian? Forget about you!”

As a Christian, if you ever wonder what you believe in, just ask a non-believer and they will tell you. 

"Oh you are Christian, that means you are a __(insert unkind label our curse here)________, and you believe in __(insert political belief, bizarre spiritual practice or twisted idea of a Christian practice, or out of context Bible reference here)________, and you hate __(insert literally any and all things here, including socially acceptable but sinful behaviors, and or diverse people groups of different races or religions).   

Of course, you shouldn’t believe what others tell you what a Christian is, you should believe what the word of God indicates what a Christian and believes and how one is supposed to behave.

And that is where I will point all my friends to, the Bible and to Jesus Christ. Faith in Christ as Lord is the only thing that can save us and the Bible was written so we could know this, and know how to live our lives.

And that’s why started down this path today, and every day, the lost relationships that hurt the most are the ones where our hopes are dashed when someone comes into our lives and walks with us for a while but then decides that they are done with us because we choose to live according to what God’s word says and have decided to not compromise when it comes to His truth. 

I can’t tell you that it’s okay to “do that” if the word of God indicates you shouldn’t.  

I can’t tell you that you can believe in other gods, religions, or philosophies of life and be accepted by God when the word of God tells us that Jesus is the only way. 

And those two things, amongst many others, can cause people to turn from Christianity and choose to join the world who gives a multitude of options and choices that appear “good to a man” but just so happen to lead to death and separation from God.  

So what do we do when people reject us, walk away from the faith, or just walk away from us because of the word of God that we try to share?  

I was reading Matthew 10 today, I would recommend it to anyone who has felt the pain of loss at being rejected because of your faithful witness to proclaim God’s truth.   Among Christ’s many instructions regarding sharing the gospel and living as a Christian in that passage, Christ says:

Matthew 10:14-15 (NKJV)
14  And whoever will not receive you nor hear your words, when you depart from that house or city, shake off the dust from your feet.
15  Assuredly, I say to you, it will be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment than for that city!

Those who leave us and reject Christ, are going the wrong way. No where in scripture is Christ seen running after people pleading with them to believe in Him, quite the contrary.  When we are rejected we are to “shake off the dust” of the hurt and depart. We are instructed to keep going.  

So we keep going down that broken road, and we let the feelings of rejection and hurt of loss fall behand us as we keep walking and talking with God and seek to tell others of the joy and peace that can be found in Christ alone.   

It reminds me of the White Snake song: Here I go Again, did you know it is sort of a prayer! The lyrics say and I quote:

“…Though I keep searching for an answer

I never seem to find what I'm looking for

Oh Lord, I pray you give me strength to carry on

 

Cause I know what it means

To walk along the lonely street of dreams

 

Here I go again on my own

Going down the only road I've ever known

Like a drifter I was born to walk alone

And I've made up my mind

I ain't wasting no more time”


I’m sharing a video that highlights the lyrics if you want to rock out as you keep walking and talking with God as you try to tell the world about “love’s sweet charity” that can only be known through faith in Christ alone!

(https://youtu.be/oohFGOmcxuo)

Hey the good news is that with the Lord, we have found the answers we were looking for and with Him and the body of Christ, we don’t have to walk alone anymore. 

So don’t worry about those that we have left behind or the things you may have said to encourage their faith that only caused them to be offended and walked away. 

The truth is not all will find their way into the kingdom of God and that’s their choice, not ours.  And as much as we may want to blame ourselves for someone walking away from God or for running off on their own, the simple truth is that nothing we say or do can separate God’s people from Him. The Apostle Paul said in:

Romans 8:38-39 (NKJV)
38  For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels nor principalities nor powers, nor things present nor things to come,
39  nor height nor depth, nor any other created thing, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

 

So nothing will separate others from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus Our Lord. If people are in Christ, nothing we say our do will keep them from Him.  So if someone walks away, they chose to go but if they are the Lord’s they will find their way back to Him and will have no one but themselves to blame for the negative consequences they may experience until they see Him face to face.

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Today’s Bible verse comes to us from “The NLT Bible Promise Book for Men”.

This morning’s meditation verse is:

Philippians 2:12-13 (NLT2)
12  Dear friends, you always followed my instructions when I was with you. And now that I am away, it is even more important. Work hard to show the results of your salvation, obeying God with deep reverence and fear.
13  For God is working in you, giving you the desire and the power to do what pleases him.

Today’s verse are the Apostle Paul’s encouragements to the church at Philippi, and to us, to work hard to show the results of our salvation and to obey God with deep reverence and fear, with the assurance that God is working in us to give us the desire and the power to do what pleases Him.  

So let’s get rid of the idea that salvation through Christ alone, is a “one-off” or “one time” experience.  While one can make the theoretical case, for someone coming to Christ and living a life that showed no outside signs of change or “fruit” and “still be saved” because we are shared by grace and faith alone”, the rest of scripture indicates that our faith will be evident to others through the way we live and the things we say and do. 

If there is no desire in someone who claims to be a Christian to show the results of their salvation and to do what is pleasing to the Lord  through obeying the word of God, we really have to wonder if that person actually has “saving faith”.  

To claim a relationship with Christ but to deny what the word of God says seem to be mutually exclusive,  One doesn’t go with the other. Or at least they shouldn’t.  

Like today’s verse, there are simply too many verses in the Bible that tell us to fear the Lord, to seek out our salvation, and to obey the Lord’s commandments to allow me to believe in a “check box” Christianity, where someone simply has to mentally assent to a belief in Jesus Christ with no accompanying change in their behaviors.  

When I was first in the faith, I wanted to desperately believe that you “didn’t have to do anything to be saved” but believe in Jesus.  But as I studied the word of God and felt convicted to repent of my sinful ways of living, I realized that the good news is that God gives us the desire and power to do what pleases Him.  When we are “In Christ” and receive the indwelling presence of the Holy Spirit, we are no longer alone and don’t have to do anything in “our own strength” anymore.  

While we will have to work at showing the results of our salvation through intentionally changing the way we think and behave to align with God’s word, the Lord will help us in that work!  He gives us the desire to over come!  All we have to do is follow His lead and watch our lives change. It may only be one small step at a time, but when you are in Christ, we are never alone in that walk. 

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As always, I invite all to go to mt4christ.org where I always share insights from prominent Christian theologians and counselors to assist my brothers and sisters in Christ with their walk.

Today we continue sharing from Clinton E. Arnold’s “Powers of Darkness”

As always, I share this information for educational purposes and encourage all to purchase Clinton Arnold’s books for your own private study and to support his work.  This resource is available on many websites for less than $20.00.

Direct and Immediate Influence with Physical Symptoms

Scripture gives us a unique and extraordinary example of God allowing an evil angel to inflict some kind of physical malady on a Christian. In this case, the demonic affliction was not the result of sin in the life of the believer, but rather a part of God’s providential means of insuring his servant’s dependence upon him.

The condition affected the apostle Paul himself. He told the Corinthians, “To keep me from becoming conceited because of these surpassingly great revelations, there was given to me a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me” (2 Cor 12:7). No one will probably ever know precisely what the “thorn in the flesh” actually was. It was likely some physical affliction. Numerous specific ideas have been suggested, including defective eyesight, recurring malarial fever, a nervous disorder, defective speech and even epilepsy.

What is clear in this passage is that “a messenger of Satan,” literally, “an angel of Satan,” produced it. This was not an unusual activity of Satan. Ralph Martin points out that Satan is associated with physical illness in the biblical tradition. God allowed Satan to inflict sickness on Job (Job 2:5), and Jesus accused Satan as the one who had kept a woman crippled for eighteen years (Lk 13:16). Outside of the biblical tradition, evil spirits were often believed to cause sickness.

Paul explained that he explicitly pleaded with the Lord three times for his “thorn” to be removed, but God did not allow it to be taken away. God permitted this demonic agent to hurt Paul so that he would draw on the power of Christ and not on his own strength. God told him, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness” (2 Cor 12:9). Paul emphasized that God allowed it to continue so that he would not be inclined to assert his independence from God and become proud. Paul felt especially susceptible to this because of an incredible revelation that God had granted to him (2 Cor 12:1–6).

Paul’s example strongly underlines God’s desire for humility among his servants. An arrogant, prideful or independent spirit is so contrary to what God desires in us that he may permit a demonic agent to afflict us. This example also warns us that it is not necessarily God’s desire for all sickness to be alleviated. God may allow an unpleasant condition to continue to insure our humility and our dependence upon him.

As God’s Tool of Discipline

There is a second positive way that God sovereignly uses Satan’s forces. Just as God used an evil angel to help instill a proper attitude in the apostle Paul, so too, he can use the forces of darkness to promote the restoration of erring Christians.

In his first letter to the Corinthians, Paul firmly responded to a grievous situation in which the Corinthian church was tolerating one of their members sleeping with his stepmother (1 Cor 5:1–13). Paul chided them for turning a blind eye to the situation of blatant immorality and for their arrogance in spite of the situation. He urged them to excommunicate the man from their church. He told the church to assemble and “to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus” (1 Cor 5:5 RSV).

Notice that the ultimate goal of such action is restoration. It is not an act of “good riddance,” but rather a disciplinary measure designed for the person’s ultimate well-being. While the intention was for him to be saved in light of Christ’s return, Paul likely intended that his repentance be evident to the Christian community before he is restored.

Paul defined the man’s expulsion in terms of handing him over to Satan for the destruction of his flesh. It is doubtful that Paul was thinking of a real personal delivery to Satan in which Satan is personally summoned and the man is given to him. What the text says is probably what Paul considered the net result of excommunication to be. Gordon Fee provides an apt explanation of this action:

In contrast to the gathered community of believers who experience the Spirit and power of the Lord Jesus in edifying gifts and loving concern for one another, this man is to be put back out into the world where Satan and his “principalities and powers” still hold sway over people’s lives to destroy them.

No longer would this man benefit from the caring nurture of the body of Christ Satan and his forces could inflict their murderous influences on him.

Paul envisioned that this process would produce “the destruction of his flesh.” While a number of commentators have thought this means that the man would physically die, it is probably better to interpret the passage as the translators of the NIV, “so that the sinful nature may be destroyed” (italics mine). This could very well entail physical illness or even death, but the language does not necessarily make this implication. Unfortunately Paul did not explain specifically how he saw the destruction of this man’s carnality to occur. He was optimistic, however, that it would happen.

In a similar way, Paul “handed over to Satan” two other men, Hymenaeus and Alexander (1 Tim 1:20). In this case, Paul was more specific about the goal of their removal from the church; he wanted them “to be taught not to blaspheme.” Again, Paul did not let us know what he thought Satan and his powers of evil might do to these two men, but he clearly saw positive value in the process.

It is important for us to adjust our thinking on church discipline in light of these two passages. Church discipline is not merely a social action, it is a spiritual action. It involves the dislocation of a believer from the primary sphere of the Holy Spirit’s activity—the body of Christ. These examples also serve to remind us of what vital spiritual importance the regular gathering together of God’s people really is.[1]

---------------------------more tomorrow------------------------

Join our “Victory over the Darkness”, “The Bondage Breaker”, "Freedom in Christ" series of Discipleship Classes via the mt4christ247 podcast!

at https://mt4christ247.podbean.com, You can also find it on Apple podcasts

(https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-mt4christ247s-podcast/id1551615154). The mt4christ247 podcast is also available on Google Podcasts, Amazon Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartradio, and Audible.com. 

These teachings are also available on the MT4Christ247 You Tube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTxjSNstREpuGWuL0bF3U7w/featured

Email me at mt4christ247@gmail.com to receive the class materials, share your progress, and to be encouraged.

My wife, TammyLyn, also offers Christian encouragement via her Facebook Group: Ask, Seek, Knock (https://www.facebook.com/groups/529047851449098 ) and her podcast Ask, Seek, and Knock on Podbean (https://feed.podbean.com/tammalyn78/feed.xml)

Encouragement for the Path of Christian Discipleship


[1] Clinton E. Arnold, Powers of Darkness: Principalities & Powers in Paul’s Letters (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic: An Imprint of InterVarsity Press, 1992), 133–135.

Wednesday, July 27, 2022

Breakthrough will Come - Purity 794


 Breakthrough will Come - Purity 794

Purity 07/27/2022   Purity 794 Podcast

Good morning,

Today’s photo of the sun situated between two groups of clouds and framed more or less in the middle of this scene over the waters of the Hudson River comes to us from yours truly as I captured this “answer to prayer” on Monday while visiting Margaret and William See Riverview Park in Stuyvesant NY with my wife.

The weather was milder on Monday afternoon because thunderstorms had rolled through the area earlier in the day and because things had cleared up I decided to take my wife for a short drive down river with the hopes of finding a secluded spot where we could enjoy a view of the river and each other’s company. 

Our arrival at the Riverview park in Stuyvesant was perfectly timed as we were alone, but a thick stand of clouds kept the sun hidden from view causing me to say something like: “Okay God, we just need those clouds out of the way” and shortly there after the sun came blazing through to our delight. 

Now you might say my “answered prayer” was just a coincidence or merely a product of time and wind, but I know God is sovereign and He directs our steps to put us in the right place at the right time. So I won’t claim a miracle necessarily, but I won’t deny that Lord is active in the world and providing things for us either. 

God uses His providence to bring His will about on the earth and to bless those who follow Him. God’s grace is His divine favor and it is experienced throughout the lives of those He calls into His kingdom, thus we keep walking and talking with God and see Him working all things together for good, because we love Him and are called according to His purpose.   

“Now Come on MT! The sun was going to come out anyway, it was inevitable!” – you might say.

You’re right of course, I guess. But it doesn’t mean that I can’t appreciate it coming out shortly after speaking to the One who created it and who has set the course of the movements of time and space.  And just because something that eventually happens appears to have been inevitable doesn’t mean we knew it was coming or that we didn’t desperately need it.   

In the fall of 2019, the Church of the City’s song “God turn it Around” was released at seeming just the right time in my life. I am sharing a link to a lyric video of it on the blog if you want to hear it (https://youtu.be/-Gv8VDqc-os)

Featuring Jon Reddick, the song is a prayer for God’s help and a declaration of the certainty of His working, right now, on the earth.  

The lyrics say:  

“I'm praying, God come
And turn this thing around
God, turn it around
God, turn it around
God, turn it around

I'm calling on the name
That changes everything, yes
God, turn it around
God, turn it around
God, turn it around

All of my hope
Is in the name
The name of Jesus
Breakthrough will come
Come in the name
The name of Jesus” 

(https://genius.com/Church-of-the-city-god-turn-it-around-live-lyrics) 

  In 2019, I needed “God, to turn it around” in a major way.  Overcome by personal and financial difficulties, I was in a dry season of struggle and affliction and although I had a vague plan of what I could do to be delivered to a new life, I had absolutely no guarantees of if or when, I would be able to find a place to live for my children and I in the wake a messy divorce. 

Just like asking God to move those clouds the other day, from October 2019 to June 22nd, 2020 I would go daily before the Lord in prayer and worship, pleading to the Lord to “turn it around.” And through out those months, weeks, and days, I saw the Lord moving things together for good time and time again in such a manner that I know the Lord was directing my path.   That song goes on to say: 

“He is up to something
God is doing something right now

He is healing someone
He is saving someone
God is doing something, oh, right now
He is healing someone
He is saving someone
God is doing something right now (right now)

He is moving mountains
Making a way for someone
God is doing something right now, right now”

(https://genius.com/Church-of-the-city-god-turn-it-around-live-lyrics) 

And then, again, 

“All of my hope
Is in the name
The name of Jesus
Breakthrough will come
Come in the name
The name of Jesus”

(https://genius.com/Church-of-the-city-god-turn-it-around-live-lyrics) 

Somebody might ask me, Yeah? How do you know God was with you? 

How do I know? Because I wouldn’t leave Him alone!  And His word says, that He will never leave us or forsake us!  

Also because, He had been with me.  That particular dark period of my journey, was certainly not the beginning of our relationship together as I had been saved in 2010 and been progressively led to surrender to His will for my life ever since. 

I had trusted the Lord to help me before then and He was faithful to “turn things around” before in major ways, mind you, but that stretch from 2019 to 2020 was the “Master’s class” of overcoming, sort of a advanced degree program in patience, perseverance, hope, faith, and trust that really has led to a life of abundant joy and peace.   That is why when I sing that song, it’s not just good feelings. That song was an anthem of victory and a prophecy of things to come and I know that God is doing something still, right now,  

God is saving someone. God is healing someone, right now!

God is moving mountains, God is making a way for someone, right now.  

And I know that He’s not done with me, or you, either.  

God’s presence in my life has been the One Constant that I could stand on in the last 12 years and it is why I can say without blinking: All of my hope is in the name, the name of Jesus!  

When you are going through problems, through simple intellectual reasoning, we can surmise that “this too shall pass”, these things won’t last forever…. But if all you are hoping for is a change that will be merely the product of the changes that come through time and space, that is one lonely road to travel.   

As I prepare for tomorrow’s, Grace Course meeting in which the topic is overcoming fears, I am more and more convinced that I must seek to impress upon the group the fact of God’s grace, obviously, but also will endeavor to emphasize the Lord’s presence in their lives. 

We can logically conclude that somethings are inevitable, but when you are walking and talking with God through the days of your lives, we can walk through the valleys of darkness with hope, expectancy, and joy.  

When we are going with the Lord, we can be sure that “Breakthroughs will come, come in the name, the name of Jesus.”  

So if you haven’t already, develop your daily spiritual practice of prayer, Bible study, and applying the wisdom of God’s word to your life. But remember, these disciplines are not just ways to learn or “be a good Christian” – I don’t think I would claim to be good at anything – but they are simply the means to communicate with the Lord and to develop your love relationship with Him – that the goal.  The transformation in our lives comes from loving God and becoming more like Jesus because we love Him and want to be like Him, not because we “have to” or “ought to” or “should”.  

The Lord invites us to everlasting life and to walk in His ways out of His love for us. Our break throughs come when all of our hope is in Him and we decide to follow Him to where He leads us.  

Earlier summer, I went to the River Rock Music Festival in Maine, and frankly I was enthused to go at first, but shortly before committing to go, I was driving home and was worshipping the Lord in song and “got” the impression that I was “supposed to go.”  So my attitude changed about it. I was going… but I didn’t really know why.   

But the first day there, Jon Reddick came out on stage – just him and a keyboard really.  The crowd either didn’t know him or wasn’t really impressed by him, I guess.  But me? I went to the front of the stage, and was right there as he sang “God turn it around” and I was overcome by the Holy Spirit’s presence and my remembrance of all that the Lord has “turned around in my life” and I knew beyond a shadow of a doubt that I was right where I was supposed to be, as I rejoiced and marveled at the absolute goodness and love of God. 

So, don’t just wait for the inevitable, go out and pursue it. But don’t do it alone, Be bold and courageous, because if you are walking and talking with God, he will go before you and he will go behind you. And he will be there every step of the way as you put all of your hope in Him.

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Today’s Bible verse comes to us from “The NLT Bible Promise Book for Men”.

This morning’s meditation verse is:

Matthew 7:21 (NLT2)
21  “Not everyone who calls out to me, ‘Lord! Lord!’ will enter the Kingdom of Heaven. Only those who actually do the will of my Father in heaven will enter.

Today’s verse are Christ’s words of warning to be sure that we are in the faith by doing the Father’s will for our lives.   

Nominal Christians are “Christians” in name only.  That means that they say they are a Christian but don’t necessarily have any fruit in their lives to prove they are a disciple of Jesus Christ.  A nominal Christian lives their lives much like their unsaved neighbors and generally don’t pray, read the Bible, have regular church attendance, or do anything for the church or Christian causes.  That varies of course, even nominals know they have to show up at church occasionally, give to charity, or be self-righteous in some way if they want to be able to continue to claim that they are Christians.

If they worry about their faith at all, nominals are interested in “what the minimum requirements of faith are” or what they “have to do” to be a Christian.  Nominals are into appearances and rules but have no  idea what a “relationship with God is like”  

They look at this verse and say: “Okay, I have to do God’s will to enter heaven. Tell me exactly what I have to do to be right with God to go to heaven.” They get out their pen and they get ready to make a list.   

The rich young ruler asked the same question – to which Jesus said to sell everything He had and to follow Him.  

As enthusiastic as the young man may have seemed to be into “being right with God”, those instructions sent him running to the exit.  

Give God everything and Follow Him, or as today’s verse says – “actually do the will of the Father”.  

I hope it is clear that God isn’t looking to have us “do stuff” to be right with Him. That’s religion. That’s a works based salvation and that’s the opposite of being saved by grace through faith in Jesus Christ.  

We are to “be” God’s children and seek to do His will. That’s about a relationship. We can’t buy our relationship. Through faith in Jesus, God gives it to us. 

So what God wants us to “do” is to “be” who we are, His children.  A child who loves his parents will do their “will” by representing the family’s values with the way they live their life.  That’s calls us to do. 

We learn from our brother, Jesus, how to be a Christian and out of the love we have for the Father, we seek to do His will by being a Christian in all our ways.  

So don’t be a stranger, or be a Christian in name only,  show the Lord that you know that you are His by surrendering to His will by living like Christ taught us.      

______________________________________________________________________

As always, I invite all to go to mt4christ.org where I always share insights from prominent Christian theologians and counselors to assist my brothers and sisters in Christ with their walk.

Today we continue sharing from Clinton E. Arnold’s “Powers of Darkness”

As always, I share this information for educational purposes and encourage all to purchase Clinton Arnold’s books for your own private study and to support his work.  This resource is available on many websites for less than $20.00.

Slavery to the Elemental Spirits (Galatians)

The novel teaching threatening the church at Galatia struck at the heart of the gospel (Gal 1:6–9). Evidently some zealous persons from Judea were teaching the Galatian Christians that they must be circumcised in accordance with the Mosaic regulations (and perform other legal requirements) in order to be saved. In Paul’s eyes, this requirement compromised the true nature of the gospel message, which is that salvation is given without performing any works of the law, a salvation by grace alone.

Paul also spoke of the Galatians “observing special days and months and seasons and years” (Gal 4:10). While Paul had no problem with Christians having personal convictions on such matters (Rom 14:5), he objected to these observances (including circumcision) being viewed as religious obligations, as part of the necessary response to the gospel message. In Paul’s mind, to turn to circumcision and legal observances was tantamount to returning to slavery—a slavery to the principalities and powers (stoicheia; Gal 4:9)!

For Paul both Jews and Gentiles were in bondage to the powers of darkness prior to conversion. He explained that unredeemed Jews are slaves to the elemental spirits of the universe (Gal 4:3). These hostile forces apparently exploit the law and use it as a tool to hold unbelieving Judaism in captivity. God’s redemption through Christ brings freedom—freedom from the law and freedom from servitude to the powers (Gal 4:3–5).

Likewise, prior to their conversion, the Gentiles “were slaves to those who by nature are not gods” (Gal 4:8). At one time they thought they were worshiping real gods and goddesses in their pagan worship, but they were soon to find out that these were mere idols—tools of the devil and his powers of darkness. The Galatians had appeared to have turned their backs on their pagan gods, but they were now tempted to add Jewish legal requirements to the pure gospel of Christ, which Paul had taught them. In Paul’s mind this would be trading one form of slavery to the powers for another.

According to F. F. Bruce, Paul was making the point that, “the stoicheia … not only regulated the Jewish way of life under law; they also regulated the pagan way of life in the service of gods that were no gods.… For all the basic differences between Judaism and paganism, both involved subjection to the same elemental forces.” He adds, “for those who did not live in the good of Christian freedom the stoicheia [‘elementary spirits’] were ‘principalities and powers’, keeping the souls of men in bondage.” The gospel is truly a message of freedom. Any form of legalism as a principle of Christian life is contrary to the gospel.

Both pagan religion and the Jewish law surface here as two systems that Satan and his powers exploit to hold the unbeliever in captivity and re-enslave the believer. As such, they function as two aspects of the world, or “the present evil age,” and illustrate how the powers operate in conjunction with the world.

Surprisingly, even something that is inherently good—the law—can be perverted by Satan and used to accomplish his own purposes. This evil influence came to the Galatians in the form of a new teaching propagated by people who appeared to them as credible and credentialed. On the surface the new teaching probably looked true and appealing to the Galatians. We might generalize from this that the influence of the powers comes in subtle ways. Only spiritual discernment can detect it One lesson to be learned from the situation of the Galatians as well as the Corinthians is the importance for every believer to be rooted deeply in sound doctrine, especially Christology. Satan consistently seeks to have us believe a lie about Christ and his redemptive work.

In light of these instances of satanically inspired false teaching, it is not surprising that at the end of his life Paul warned Timothy, “The Spirit clearly says that in later times some will abandon the faith and follow deceiving spirits and things taught by demons” (1 Tim 4:1). He was increasingly aware of this subtle, yet effective, method of Satan for bringing about the demise of the church.

Paul described those who bring such false teachings as having fallen into “the trap of the devil, who has taken them captive to do his will” (2 Tim 2:26). This statement gives helpful insight into the character of false teachers. They are, in essence, Satan’s instruments. Satan and his powers work through these human agencies to deceive the church and lead it astray. All is not bleak, however. There is hope even for those who are the emissaries of Satan. God may still “grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth” (2 Tim 2:25). This could happen if they listen with an open heart to the leadership of the church. Paul urged the leadership to have an attitude of gentleness as they work with such people, always with an eye toward their repentance.[1]

---------------------------more tomorrow------------------------

Join our “Victory over the Darkness”, “The Bondage Breaker”, "Freedom in Christ" series of Discipleship Classes via the mt4christ247 podcast!

at https://mt4christ247.podbean.com, You can also find it on Apple podcasts

(https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-mt4christ247s-podcast/id1551615154). The mt4christ247 podcast is also available on Google Podcasts, Amazon Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartradio, and Audible.com. 

These teachings are also available on the MT4Christ247 You Tube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTxjSNstREpuGWuL0bF3U7w/featured

Email me at mt4christ247@gmail.com to receive the class materials, share your progress, and to be encouraged.

My wife, TammyLyn, also offers Christian encouragement via her Facebook Group: Ask, Seek, Knock (https://www.facebook.com/groups/529047851449098 ) and her podcast Ask, Seek, and Knock on Podbean (https://feed.podbean.com/tammalyn78/feed.xml)

Encouragement for the Path of Christian Discipleship



[1] Clinton E. Arnold, Powers of Darkness: Principalities & Powers in Paul’s Letters (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic: An Imprint of InterVarsity Press, 1992), 131–133.

Tuesday, July 26, 2022

The Immersive Experience - Purity 793


The Immersive Experience - Purity 793

Purity 793 07/26/2022  Purity 793 Podcast

Good morning,

Today’s photo of Vincent Van Gogh’s painting “At Eternity’s Gate” projected on a wall just above an exit sign comes to us from yours truly as my wife and I decided to spontaneously immerse ourselves in the spectacular art exhibit: Van Gogh: the Immersive Experience yesterday and this dark piece, and the irony of it’s positioning, caught my attention and compelled me to capture and share it.  

Well it may be “two for Tuesday” for some, but I can think of at least three reasons that I decided to share this particular image out of all of the works of Van Gogh that were on display at the exhibit that literally puts the participant into the paintings of Van Gogh.  

The first reason I share it is promotional. I really enjoy the work of Van Gogh, and art in general, and wish to encourage others to take a part of their time this summer to go a museum or gallery to appreciate the work of artists who purposely or unwittingly give God glory as their artistic talents point to the God that has blessed them with their talents to paint, sculpt, or produce other creative works.

The world may not be a perfect place but as Van Gogh said: “If you truly love nature, you will find beauty everywhere” and as much as I use my blog’s “photo of the day” to highlight the beauty that is inherent in various scenes of nature, I can also admit that we can find beauty in the work of man’s hands and that God gave people these abilities to use them and to help us to appreciate their work and the lives He has given us.  

If you are anywhere near the Capital District area of upstate NY, I highly recommend “Van Gogh: The Immersive Experience” and I am sharing a link to the site where you can get your tickets for it on the blog today: (https://vangoghexpo.com/albany/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=sc&utm_campaign=111819_alb&gclid=Cj0KCQjwof6WBhD4ARIsAOi65ajFN_Pkcdiak1CihLFjGjF4c-6AaOaiO3cKve8MyoQJi8dMguQZ7CwaAnBCEALw_wcB) I am also sharing a link that shares the lists of other cities where this exhibit is on (https://vangoghexpo.com/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=sc&utm_campaign=111819_alb&gclid=cj0kcqjwof6wbhd4arisaoi65ajfn_pkcdiak1cihl) where it is currently on display, or where it was. Just like life, this exhibit doesn’t last forever, so if this interests you, you should sign up and get ‘er done before you miss your chance.

Of course, there are other places and events where you can see art and I guess this is a general encouragement to support the arts, in all its forms, places, times, and seasons, as they highlight the beauty of life.   

Another reason I share today’s photo, is to encourage my friends to be spontaneous.  Out of the love I had for my wife, I decided to keep experiencing her presence, for one more day, and took an unscheduled day off just to be with her. I didn’t have any plans for the day and because the weather was hit and miss with thunderstorms, I encouraged her to think of something we could do indoors, specifically mentioning museums or art galleries as an option that I would be open to.

Luckily, we both have friends that have been to the Van Gogh Immersive experience who shared their experience with it on social media and my wife remembered it and subtly presented this option to me by putting it on my phone while my attention was turned elsewhere. So she silently suggested it, and me being a “let’s go, let’s go NOW” kind of guy jumped at the opportunity presented to me and before you know it the tickets were purchased and we were on our way to immerse ourselves in Van Gogh’s work.  

So my encouragement here is to be open to new experiences, love your loved ones, and enjoy the life God has given you by going our there and doing something! In truth, it didn’t matter where we went or what we did yesterday, I had taken the day off to be with my wife and to enjoy her company and we merely put that mutual desire to love one another in this context.

We love art, we love nature, we love God, and we love each other and we just happened to bring all of that to the Van Gogh Immersive Experience where all of the elements came together like a piece of art!  Another quote attributed to Van Gogh says: “Great things are done by a series of small things brought together” and yesterday we brought all of our small things together to make a great day.  

But I would be remiss if I didn’t address the rather large existential elephant that I brought into the middle in the room by highlighting Van Gogh’s “At Eternity’s Gate”.  Did I share it because I shared Van Gogh’s depressive view of life which is expressed by another of his “quotes”, reportedly the last words that he spoke before leaving this mortal coil, that says: “The sadness will last forever”?  

Not at all! I share it to plead with anyone who will listen, that the sadness doesn’t have to last forever, in this life or the next, and that the One who can give us joy here on earth and the hope of eternal peace and purpose in heaven, is the Lord Jesus Christ.  

Van Gogh’s apparent suicide- although some doubt it, and mental health struggles are well documented and “At Eternity’s Gate” really highlights the mental anguish that Van Gogh was familiar with.  The title is very specific for the cause of the subjects anguish. Whether you theorize it is because of the pain of dying, the loss of the beauty of life, or the fear of an unknown eternal destination the message of “At Eternity’s Gate” and Van Gogh’s last words is clear – “I have no hope”.  But is that true?

For those who don’t know, Van Gogh was the son of a pastor, trained to be a pastor, and had been a missionary to a small mining community in Belgium before being fired for being “overzealous, for his ineloquent speech and for his scruffy appearance. Returning home, Vincent suffered a nervous breakdown, and his struggle with mental health and depression would pervade throughout his life.” (https://www.christiantoday.com/article/the-profound-christian-faith-of-vincent-van-gogh/106440.htm

Van Gogh was frequently misunderstood by others throughout his life, and I fear that despite his exposure to the gospel of Jesus Christ in his background, I fear that near the end he misunderstood the hope he could have, in Christ. 

Another quote from Van Gogh says:

'Christ alone, of all the philosophers, magicians, etc., has affirmed eternal life as the most important certainty, the infinity of time, the futility of death, the necessity and purpose of serenity and devotion. He lived serenely, as an artist greater than all other artists, scorning marble and clay and paint, working in the living flesh.

While this quote affirms the importance of eternal life, spiritual practices, and using our love to impact and shape the lives of others, I fear that it also reveals Van Gogh’s doubts of who Christ is.

Christ is not a philosopher or magician. Christ is the Son of God, and God the Son. It is through faith in Him alone that one can have a new and eternal life. However, due to his failure at serving God’s kingdom in his youth, the rejection of man throughout his life, and his personal sins and mental struggles, Van Gogh’s view at the end appears to be bleak.  

I don’t know the outcome of Van Gogh’s eternal destiny. But I do know that God is good and merciful and that if Van Gogh ever put his faith and trust in Christ as his Lord and Savior, Van Gogh’s mourning would be instantly turned to gladness the moment he died because if his name was written in the Lamb’s book of Life, there would be nothing that could separate him from His Father’s love.  If Van Gogh put his faith in Christ, his sins were forgiven and even if Van Gogh had believed Satan’s lie that “the sadness will last forever”, the artist would have known the joy of his salvation the moment he was absent from his body and was present with the Lord.  

But I also don’t want to paint a picture that ignores, Van Gogh’s pain and anguish over his contemplation of eternity. Van Gogh knew the word and he knew his life. He knew his sin and he knew what the word said about people who lived in the flesh.

1 Corinthians 6:9-10 (NKJV) says
9  Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived. Neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor sodomites,
10  nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners will inherit the kingdom of God.

Revelation 21:8 (NKJV)
8  But the cowardly, unbelieving, abominable, murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars shall have their part in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death."

For the unrepentant sinner, who never trusts in Christ alone and turns from their former life of sin, the sadness will last forever.  If you reject Christ by choosing your self, your sin, and you way over Him and His way, all hope will be lost when your life expires.  

But where there is life, there is hope. As long as we live, we can choose to immerse ourselves in life everlasting, by putting our faith in Christ.  As bad as 1 Corinthians 6:9-10 paints a picture of the consequences of our sins, Paul was writing to give hope to the church as the next line says: 

1 Corinthians 6:11 (NKJV)
11 And such were some of you. But you were washed, but you were sanctified, but you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God.

Such were some of you! If you are justified by faith in Christ, you are washed cleaned and accepted. We need not fear death and we have the power to turn from the sin that would cause us to doubt such a great salvation and lead us to despair.  

So which was it for Van Gogh? Eternal sadness in hell or a life of peace and joy in heaven? Only the Lord knows for sure, but we can be sure that God will do what’s right according to each of us and our faith.   

So keep walking and talking with God, place your faith in Christ, and enjoy the beauty that is all around us. Give the world the hope of heaven and the assurance of a beautiful life that comes through Christ, by sharing the truth of the gospel of Jesus Christ. 

If you see people lost in sin and dragging through life in confusion and despair, assure them that God loves them and that if they would simply turn to Him they can leave the darkness and sadness behind for a life of peace, purpose, and beauty that will shine a light from here to eternity’s gate.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Today’s Bible verse comes to us from “The NLT Bible Promise Book for Men”.

This morning’s meditation verse is:

Matthew 5:19 (NLT2)
19  So if you ignore the least commandment and teach others to do the same, you will be called the least in the Kingdom of Heaven. But anyone who obeys God’s laws and teaches them will be called great in the Kingdom of Heaven.

Today’s verse are the words of Jesus, and surprise, He is teaching us that to be called great in the kingdom of Heaven, we are to obey the commandments of God and to teach them to others. 

There is a little consolation for the “carnal Christian” here, and all of us really, Christ doesn’t condemn all who ignore “the least commandment” and who teach others to do the same to hell. He indicates that your status will not be ‘great” but at least He doesn’t say “you are out!”  This points to the fact that we do not have to be perfect to be in God’s kingdom, we merely have to be His by our faith in Jesus Christ.  

But this verse does indicate that we shouldn’t ignore God’s commandments and just rest on His grace.  We should instead rejoice over God’s grace and seek to please Him out of our love for Him by applying the wisdom of His word to our lives.   

Here Christ encourages us to choose that which is best, by seeking to be called “great in the kingdom of God” by obeying the Lord’s commandments. 

So humbly seek the greatness that God has for you, by drawing close to Him through studying His word and by living out your faith in everything you do.

______________________________________________________________________

As always, I invite all to go to mt4christ.org where I always share insights from prominent Christian theologians and counselors to assist my brothers and sisters in Christ with their walk.

Today we continue sharing from Clinton E. Arnold’s “Powers of Darkness”

As always, I share this information for educational purposes and encourage all to purchase Clinton Arnold’s books for your own private study and to support his work.  This resource is available on many websites for less than $20.00.

Giving a Foothold to the Devil

Paul never used the language of “demonization” (often described as “demon possession”) in his letters, which is so common in the Gospels. The closest he came to “possession” language is his concept of giving a “foothold to the devil” as found in Ephesians 4:27. He warned the Christians in Ephesus, “do not give the devil a foothold.”

Topos is the Greek word that the NIV translates as “foothold.” It could also be translated “opportunity” (NASB, RSV) or “chance” (TEV; NEB translates it “loop-hole”). Thus this verse can be expressed, “Do not give the devil a chance to exert his influence.”5 In Romans 12:19, Paul used topos in a similar way, when he says, “Do not take revenge, my friends, but ‘leave room’ [literally, ‘give a place’ or ‘give a chance’] for God’s wrath.”

This is the only time Paul made such a statement in any of his letters. He did not go on to explain what kind of “foothold” he believed the devil can gain in the life of a believer or how the devil operates once a believer gives him a “chance.” J. A. Robinson interpreted this passage as referring to an “opportunity for the entry of an evil spirit.” I cannot find clear support for this assertion from Jewish tradition, but there are a number of examples of the idea of God’s people giving the devil (Beliar) an opportunity to take control of their lives. The Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs, written just before the time of Christ, has much to say about the potential influence of the devil and his spirits over God’s people. One text in particular links unchecked anger with the devil gaining a foothold, just as in the context of Ephesians 4:27. The Testament of Dan 4:7 states, “Anger and falsehood together are a double-edged evil, and work together to perturb the reason. And when the soul is continually perturbed, the Lord withdraws from it and Beliar rules it.” In light of this Jewish tradition it is not surprising then to see Paul regarding excessive anger with relinquishing control of one’s life to the devil.

Paul is clear about how the believer can give the devil a chance to exert control. His warning about giving the devil a foothold is prefaced by the admonition, “Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry” (Eph 4:26). Paul conceived of excessive anger as one of the means of Satan’s entry into a believer’s life. He probably did not consider this particular vice as the only point of vulnerability for diabolic exploitation. Paul mentioned quite a number of vices in the larger context of the passage, including lying, stealing, dirty talk, bitterness and malice. It is likely that any sinful activity that the believer does not deal with by the power of the Spirit can be exploited by the devil and turned into a means of control over a believer’s life. Therefore, Christians need to resist.

For Paul there is no middle ground. There is no nominal Christianity. Believers either resist the influence of the evil one who works through the flesh and the world, or they relinquish control of their lives to the powers of darkness.

For this reason it is extremely dangerous for believers to harbor bitterness, hold a grudge or pilfer from their place of employment—to name a few examples. Giving in to those temptations does not just confirm the weakness of the flesh, it opens up the lives of believers to the control of the devil and his powers.

Deceived by Servants of Satan (2 Cor 10–13)

Ever since the garden of Eden, Satan has continued to use his diabolical method of deception, causing people to believe a lie. This was particularly true in Paul’s churches with regard to the proliferation of false teaching and the deceitful work of false teachers. In writing to the Galatians, Corinthians and the Colossians, Paul warned these believers about the influence of false teaching. In all three cases he explicitly connects the false teaching with the work of Satan and his powers. Paul also instructed Timothy on how to deal with false teachers at Ephesus, who essentially were pawns in Satan’s hands. All these forms of false teaching characteristically impugn the true nature of the gospel and the person of the Lord Jesus Christ—always leading to the wrong kind of lifestyle and behavior.

The Corinthians were giving credence to a group of polished orators who had described themselves as apostles and missionaries (2 Cor 11:13). They publicly disdained Paul and tried to present themselves as having a higher level of spiritual authority over the Corinthians. While they had apparently claimed to possess authority from Jerusalem, Paul implied that they were teaching a different Jesus and a different gospel than he had proclaimed to them (2 Cor 11:4). Paul then charged them with being “false apostles, deceitful workmen, masquerading as apostles of Christ.” Finally, he unmasked their true identity: They are servants of Satan masquerading as Christians. Paul regarded Satan as the master of masquerade and deceit. Paul said that Satan can even disguise himself as an angel of light (2 Cor 11:14). Some strands of Jewish tradition actually believed that Satan did disguise himself as an angel of light when he tempted Eve in the garden of Eden.

Paul was fearful that these emissaries of Satan would cause the Corinthians to believe a perverted gospel. He therefore cautioned them, “I am afraid that just as Eve was deceived by the serpent’s cunning, your minds may somehow be led astray from your sincere and pure devotion to Christ” (2 Cor 11:3). Paul responded to this situation by endeavoring to “demolish strongholds”—that is, he wanted to tear down the wall of hostility that his opponents had erected between himself and his Corinthian converts (2 Cor 10:4). Furthermore, a “stronghold” of false teaching needed to be eradicated from their midst because it was contrary to the truth of the gospel. Ralph Martin comments, “Paul distinguishes the alien intruders at Corinth, whose satanic work (11:13–15) he wants to overthrow and neutralize, from the body of Pauline believers for whom he entertains optimistic hope of their recovery from the snare of deviation and seduction.” Paul therefore wrote to them to expose the satanic character of this new teaching and to call the Corinthians to break this yoke with Belial (see 2 Cor 6:14–7:1). He wanted them to commit themselves afresh to the true gospel that he proclaimed as a legitimate apostle of the Lord Jesus Christ—the gospel of the Christ who suffered and calls his people to manifest divine power in weakness.

Paul exposed other kinds of demonically inspired false teachings that denigrated the gospel of Christ in the church at Colossae and among the churches of the Galatian region. Paul described the new teaching at Colossae as having come to them through human beings, but in reality the “elementary spirits of the world” (Col 2:8) inspired it. It challenged the full sufficiency of Christ for the believers in Colossae.[1]

---------------------------more tomorrow------------------------

Join our “Victory over the Darkness”, “The Bondage Breaker”, "Freedom in Christ" series of Discipleship Classes via the mt4christ247 podcast!

at https://mt4christ247.podbean.com, You can also find it on Apple podcasts

(https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-mt4christ247s-podcast/id1551615154). The mt4christ247 podcast is also available on Google Podcasts, Amazon Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartradio, and Audible.com. 

These teachings are also available on the MT4Christ247 You Tube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTxjSNstREpuGWuL0bF3U7w/featured

Email me at mt4christ247@gmail.com to receive the class materials, share your progress, and to be encouraged.

My wife, TammyLyn, also offers Christian encouragement via her Facebook Group: Ask, Seek, Knock (https://www.facebook.com/groups/529047851449098 ) and her podcast Ask, Seek, and Knock on Podbean (https://feed.podbean.com/tammalyn78/feed.xml)

Encouragement for the Path of Christian Discipleship



[1] Clinton E. Arnold, Powers of Darkness: Principalities & Powers in Paul’s Letters (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic: An Imprint of InterVarsity Press, 1992), 128–131.